Fifty-two Somalis perish in Gulf of Aden smuggling incident

28 September 2008

SANA'A, Yemen - At least 52 Somalis died when the boat smuggling them across the Gulf of Aden to Yemen broke down and they were left adrift with no food or water for 18 days, the UN refugee agency reported Sunday.

UNHCR staff in Yemen reported that 71 people survived the ordeal after the stricken vessel drifted into Yemeni coastal waters on Sept. 21 and was rescued by local coast guards in Shihra.

Survivors said the boat left Marera on the Somali coast with at least 124 passengers on Sept. 3 and was several hours into the voyage when the engine stopped. The knife-wielding crew of the smuggling boat told passengers they would travel to the Somali city of Bossaso in a smaller boat to re-charge a battery and then return as soon as possible. They never returned, leaving the passengers adrift for 18 days without food or water.

Forty-eight of the Somalis - 38 men and 10 women - died while the boat drifted in the Gulf of Aden. Survivors said their bodies were thrown overboard.

The current and high waves eventually carried the boat toward Yemen's Shihra coast. As it approached the coastline, three of the Somalis jumped into the sea to swim toward shore and alert authorities. One failed to make it to the beach and remains missing. A Yemen Coast Guard vessel towed the stricken boat to shore, where the passengers were met by UNHCR and its local humanitarian partners who provided food and water. Ten of the survivors were immediately hospitalized, but four later died.

The remaining survivors, aged from 2 to 40 years old, were taken to UNHCR's Mayfa'a Reception Centre. They said they left Somalia because of continuing insecurity in the war-torn nation, drought and unemployment. Each passenger paid the smugglers between $70 and $100 for the voyage.

The latest tragedy coincides with a recent upsurge in people smuggling across the Gulf of Aden from Somalia. So far this year, at least 31,192 people have arrived in Yemen after making the perilous voyage aboard smugglers' boats. They include 21,201 Somalis and 9,854 Ethiopians. More than 228 people have died and at least 262 remain missing.

Smuggling normally subsides between May and September because of stormy weather in the Gulf of Aden. With the early onset of calmer weather in August, smuggling resumed last month when 65 boats brought more than 2,500 desperate people to Yemen - nearly quadruple the number of arrivals for same month last year when 633 people landed in 10 boats. Through Sept. 23, at least 106 smuggling boats have brought 6,103 people to Yemen.

UNHCR believes several factors are responsible for the recent increase in arrivals, including continuing strife and displacement in Somalia and the opening of new smuggling routes across the Gulf of Aden.

UNHCR and other international agencies have been jointly calling for global action to better address this deadly problem. Over the past year, the refugee agency has substantially stepped up its work in Yemen. Its more than $17 million programme in Yemen - currently a little more than half funded - is providing additional staff, improved humanitarian assistance, additional shelter for refugees in Kharaz refugee camp, and training programmes for Yemeni coast guards and other officials. The agency has also increased its presence along the remote Yemeni coast with the opening of its second reception centre at Ahwar and reception facilities along the Red Sea. The other is at Mayfa'a.

In May, a regional conference was convened by UNHCR in cooperation with the Mixed Migration Task Force for Somalia to establish a regional mechanism and long-term plan of action on refugee protection and mixed migration in the Gulf of Aden. The mixed flow of people across the gulf includes a significant number of refugees. Additional funding will have to be made available in countries in the Horn of Africa, including Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somalia, to mitigate against such movements.

Yemen has carried a major burden in dealing with irregular migratory movements in the region, yet has maintained an open-door policy to refugees. Support from the international community, however, remains an absolute necessity.